GDI+ Namespaces and Classes in .NET

In the .NET Framework library, six namespaces define managed GDI+: System.Drawing, System.Drawing.Design, System.Drawing.Drawing2D, System.Drawing.Imaging, system.Drawing.Printing, and System.Drawing.Text. Figure 1.3 shows these namespaces. To use any of the classes defined in these namespaces, you must include them in your application.

NOTE

The .NET Framework class library is also referred as the .NET runtime class library or base class library (BCL).

This section will provide an overview of GDI+ namespaces, their contents, and why and when to use them.



FIGURE 1.3: The GDI+ namespaces in the .NET Framework Library

The System.Drawing Namespace

The System.Drawing namespace defines basic GDI+ functionality. This namespace contains the Graphics class, which provides methods for filling and drawing graphics objects. It also provides classes that encapsulate GDI+ primitives such as rectangles, points, brushes, and pens. Brush and its derived classes are use to fill interiors of graphics objects such as ellipses, rectangles, and polygons with the specified color and pattern. The Pen class is used to draw lines and curves with s specified color.

Table 1.1 briefly describes the classes of the System.Drawing namespace.

The System.Drawing namespace also contains some structures that we will be using throughout the article. These structures are CharacterRange, Color, Point, PointF, Rectangle, RectangleF, Size, and SizeF.

TABLE 1.1: System.Drawing classes

Class	Description
Bitmap	Encapsulates a bitmap, which is an image (with its properties) stored in pixel format.
Brush	An abstract base class that cannot be instantiated directly. The Brush class provides functionality used by its derived brush class and represents a brush graphics object. A brush is used to fill the interior of a graphical shape with a specified color.
Brushes	Represents brushes with all the standard colors. This class has a static member for each standard color. For example, Brushes.Blue represents a blue brush.
ColorConverter	Provides methods and properties to convert colors from one type to another.
ColorTranslator	Provides various methods to translate color from one type to another.
Font	Provides members to define the format of font text, name, face, size and styles. The Font class also provides methods to create a Font object from a window handle to a device context or window handle.
Fontconverter	Provides members that convert fonts from one type to another.
FontFamily	Defines a group of typefaces having a similar basic design and certain variations in styles.
Graphics	A key class that encapsulates drawing surfaces. Among many other things, the Graphics class provides members to draw and fill graphical objects.
Icon	Represents a Window icon. The Icon class provides members to define the size, width, and height of an icon.
IconConverter	Provides members to convert an Icon object from one type to another.
Image	Provides members to define the size, height, width, and format of an image. The Image class also provides methods to create Image objects from a file, a window handle, or a stream; and to save, rotate, and flip images. It is an abstract base class, and its functionality is used though its derived classes: Bitmap, Icon, and Metafile.
ImageAnimator	Provides methods to start and stop animation, and to update frames for an image that has time-based frames.
ImageConvertor	Provides members to convert Image objects from one type to another.
ImageFormatConvertor	Defines members that can be used to convert images from one format to another.
Pen	Define a pen with a specified color and width. A pen is used to draw graphical objects such as a line, a rectangle, a curve, or an ellipse.
Pens	Provides static members for all the standard colors. For example, Pens.Red represents a red pen.
PointConverter	Defines members that can be used to convert Point objects from one type to another.
Rectangle.Converter	Defines members that can be used to convert Rectangle objects from one type to another.
Region	Represents a region in GDI+, which describes the interior of a graphic shape.
SizeConverter	Defines members that can be used to convert size from one type to another.
SolidBrush	Inherited from the Brush class. This class defines a solid brush of a single color.
StringFormat	Provides members to define text format, including alignment, trimming and line spacing, display manipulations, and OpenType features.
SystemBrushes	Defines static properties. Each property is a SolidBrush object with a Windows display element such as Highlight, HighlightText, or ActiveBorder.
SystemColors	Defines static properties of a Color structure.
SystemIcons	Defines static properties for Windows systemwide icons.
SystemPens	Defines static properties. Each property is a Pen object with the color of a Windows display element and a width of 1.
TextureBrush	Inherited from the Brush class. This class defines a brush that has an image as its texture.
ToolboxBitmapAttribute	Defines the images associated with a specified component.

The System.Drawing.Design Namespace

As its name suggest, the System.Drawing.Design namespace provides additional functionality to develop design-time controls such as custom toolbox items, graphics editors, and type converters. The classes of the System.Drawing.Design namespace are described briefly in Table 1.2.

Beside the classes discussed in Table 1.2, the System.Drawing.Design namespace also define a few interfaces, delegates, and enumerations. Table 1.3 lists the interfaces defined in the namespace.

The System.Drawing.Drawing2D Namespace

The System.Drawing.Drawing2D Namespace defines functionality to develop advanced two-dimensional and vector graphics applications. This namespace provides classes for graphics containers, blending, advanced brushes, matrices, and transformation. Table 1.4 briefly describes these classes.

Beside the classes discussed in Table 1.4, the System.Drawing.Drawing2D Namespace provides dozens of enumerations.

The System.Drawing.Imaging Namespace

Basic imaging functionality is defined in the System.Drawing.Imaging namespace. The System.Drawing.Imaging namespace provides functionality for advanced imaging. Before an application uses classes from this namespace, it must reference the System.Drawing.Imaging namespace.

Table 1.5 briefly describes the classes of the System.Drawing.Imaging namespace.

The System.Drawing.Printing Namespace

The System.Drawing.Printing namespace defines printing-related classes and types in GDI+. Before an application uses classes from this namespace, it must include the namespace.

Table 1.6 briefly discusses the classes provided by the System.Drawing.Printing namespace.

The System.Drawing.Text Namespace

The System.Drawing.Text namespace contains only a few classes related to advanced GDI+ typography functionality. Before an application uses classes from this namespace, it must include the namespace. Table 1.7 describes these classes.

TABLE 1.2: System.Drawing.Design classes

Class	Description
BitmapEditor	User interface (UI) for selecting bitmaps using a Properties window.
CategoryNameCollection	Collection of categories.
FontEditor	UI for selecting and configuring fonts.
ImageEditor	UI for selecting images in a Properties window.
PaintValueEventArgs	Provides data for the PaintValue event.
PropertyValueUIItem	Provides information about the property value UI for a property.
ToolboxComponents- CareatedEventArgs	Provides data for the ComponentsCreated event, which occurs when components are added to the toolbox.
ToolboxComponents-CreateingEventArgs	Provides data for the ComponentsCreating event, which occurs when components are added to the toolbox.
Toolbox Item	Provides a base implementation of a toolbox item.
ToolboxItemCollection	Collection of toolbox items.
UITypeEditor	Provides a base class that can be used to design value editors.

TABLE 1.3: System.Drawing.Design Interfaces

Interface	Description
IPopertyValueUIService	Manages the property list of the Properties windows.
ItoolboxService	Provides access to the toolbox.
ItoolboxUSer	Test the toolbox for toolbox item support capabilities and selects the current tool.

TABLE 1.4: System.Drawing.Drawing2D Classes

Class	Description
AdjustableArrowCap	Represents an adjustable arrow-shaped line cap. Provides members to define the properties to fill, and to set the height and width of an arrow cap.
Blend	Gradient blends are used to provide smoothness and shading to the interiors of shapes. A blend patter contains factor and pattern arrays, which define the position and percentage of colors of the starting and ending colors. The Blend class defines a blend pattern, which uses LinearGradientBrush to fill the shapes. The Factors and Positions properties represent the array of blend factors and array of positions for the gradient, respectively.
ColorBlend	Define color blending in multicolor gradients. The Color and Position properties represent the color array and position array, respectively.
CustomLineCap	Encapsulates a custom, user-defined line cap.
GraphicsContainer	Represents the data of a graphics container. A graphics container is created by Graphics. BeginContainer followed by a call to Graphics.EndContainter.
GraphicsPath	In GDI+, a path is a series of connected lines and curves. This class provides properties to define the path's fill mode and other properties. This class also defines methods to add graphics shapes to a path. For instance, the AddArc and AddCurve methods add an arc and a curve, respectively, to the path. Wrap, Transform, Reverse, and Reset are some of the associated methods.
GraphicsPathIteratpr	A path can contain subpaths. This class provides the ability to find the number of subpaths and iterate through them. Count and Subpathcount return the number of points and the number of subpaths in a path, respectively.
GraphicsState	Represents the state of a Graphics object.
HatchBrush	Hatch brushes are brushes with a hatch style, a foreground color, and a background color, This class represents a hatch brush in GDI+
LinerGradientBrush	Represents a brush with a linear gradient.
Matrix	Encapsulates a 3x3 matrix that represents a geometric transformation. This class defines methods for inverting, multiplying, resetting, rotating, scaling, shearing, and translating matrices.
PathData	Contains the data in the form of points and types that makes up a path. The Points property of the class represents an array of points, and the Types property represents the types of the points in a path.
PathGradientBrush	Represents a brush with a graphics path. PathGradientBrush contains methods and properties for blending, wrapping, scaling and transformation. This class encapsulates a Brush object that fills the interior of a GraphicsPath object with a gradient.
RegionData	Represents the data stored by a Region object. The Data property of this class represents the data in the form of an array of bytes.

TABLE 1.5: System.Drawing.Imaging classes

Class	Description
BitmapData	Often we don't want to load and refresh all data of a bitmap because rendering each pixel is not only a slow process, but also consumes system resources. With the help of the BitmapData class and its LockBits and UnlockBits methods we can lock the required data of a bitmap in memory and work with that instead of working with all the data.
ColorMap	Defines a map for converting colors. ColorMap is used by the ImageAttributes class.
ColorMatrix	Defines a 5x5 matrix that contains coordinates for the ARGB space. ColorMatrix is used by the ImageAttributes class.
ColorPalette	Defines an array of colors that make up a color palette. ColorPalette is used by the ImageAttributes class.
Encoder	Represents an encoder, which represents a globally unique identifier (GUID) that identifies the category of an image encode parameter. Encoder is used by the EncoderParameter class.
EncoderParameter	An encoder parameter, which sets value for a particular category of an image. This class is used in the Save method with the help of EncoderParameters.
EncoderParameters	An array of EncoderParameter objects.
FrameDimension	Provides properties to get the frame dimensions of an image.
ImageAttributes	Contains information about how image colors are manipulated during rendering.
ImageCodecInfo	Retrieves information about the installed image codes.
ImageFormat	Specifies the format of an image.
Metafile	Defines a graphic metafile, which contains graphics operations in the form of records that can be recorded (constructed) and played back (displayed).
MetafileHeader	Stores information about a metafile.
MetaHeader	Contains information about a Windows-format (WMF) metafile.
PropertyItem	Encapsulates a metadata property to be included in an image file.
WmfPlaceableFileHeader	Defines a placeable metafile.

TABLE 1.6: System.Drawing.Printing Classes

Class	Description
Margins	Specifies the margins of a painted page. The Bottom, Left, Right, and Top properties are used to get and set the bottom, left, right and top margins, respectively, of a page in hundredths of an inch.
MarginsConverter	Provides methods to convert margins, including CanConvertForm, CanConvertTo, ConvertFrom, and ConverTo.
PageSettings	Specifies settings of a page, including properties such as Bounds, Color, Landscape, Margins, PaperSize, Papersource, PrinterResoultions, and PrinterSettings.
PaperSize	Specifies the paper size. Its properties include Height, Width, PaperName, and kind. The kind property is the type of paper, represented by the PaperKind enumeration, which has members that represent A3, envelopes, sheets, ledgers, and so on.
PaperSource	Specifies the paper tray from which the printer gets paper, with properties Kind and SourceName.SourceName is a type of PaperSource enumeration, which defines members based on the Kind property.
PreviewPageInfo	Provides print preview information for a single page. The Image property returns the image of the printed page, and the PhysicalSize property returns the size of the printed page in 1/1000 inch.
PreviewPrintController	Displays a document on a screen as a series of images for each page. The UseAntiAlias property gets and sets the anti-aliasing when displaying the print preview.
PrintController	Controls how a document is printed. The class provides four methods: OnStartPage, OnStartPrint, OnEndPage, and OnEndPrint.
PrintDocument	Starts the printing process. Creates an instance of this class, sets the printing properties that describe how to print, and calls the Print method to start the process.
PrinterResolution	Provides properties to return a printer resolution. The Kind, X, and Y properties return the printer resolution, horizontal resolution in dots per inch (dpi) and vertical printer resolution in dpi, respectively.
PrinterSettings	Provides methods and properties for setting how a document is printed, including the printer that prints it. Some of the common properties are MinimumPage, MaxmimumPage, Copies, MaximumCopies, PrinterName, and so on.
PrinterSettings.Paper-SizeCollection	Collection of PaperSize objects.
PrinterSettings.Paper-SourceCollection	Collection of PaperSource objects.
PrinterSettings.Printer-ResolutionCollection	Collection of PrinterResolution objects.
PrinterUnitConvert	Specifies a series of conversion methods that are useful when interoperating with the Win32 printing application program interface (API).
PrintEventArgs	Provides data for the BeginPrint and EndPrint events.
PrintingPermission	Controls access to printers.
PrintingPermission-Attribute	Allows declarative printing permission checks.
PrintPageEventArgs	Provides data for the PrintPage event.
QueryPageSettings-EventArgs	Provides data for the QueryPageSettings event.
StandardPrintController	Specifies a print controller that sends information to a printer.

TABLE 1.7: System.Drawing.Text Classes

Class	Description
Fontcollection	Abstract base class for installed and private font collections. It provides a method to get a list of the font families contained in the collection. Two derived classes from the FontCollection class are InstalledFontCollection and PrivateFontCollection.
InstalledFontCollection	Represents the fonts installed on the system.
PrivateFontCollection	Represents a collection of font families built from font files that are provided by the client application.

GDI+ is an improved version of Microsoft's graphics device interface (GDI) API. In this article we learned how GDI+ is designed for use in both managed and unmanaged code.

System.Drawing and its helper namespaces designed in the .NET Framework library provide a managed class wrapper to write managed GDI+ applications. We also learned the basic and definition of GDI+ and what major improvements are offered by GDI+ in comparison to GDI. At the end of this article, we took a quick look at the System.Drawing namespace and its subnamespaces, and classes defined in these namespaces.

Conclusion

Hope this article has helped you in understanding GDI+ Namespaces and Classes in .NET. Read my other articles on GDI+ on this site.