Brief:
Its a messaging technique for queued communication:
Detailed:
MSMQ. The queued transport in WCF uses MSMQ for its queued communication. ... The MSMQ queue managers implement a reliable message-transfer protocol so that messages are not lost in transmission. The protocol can be either native or SOAP-based, such as the SOAP Reliable Message Protocol (SRMP)
Fore more go to MS Docs Link:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/wcf/feature-details/queuing-in-wcf