We can use sys.triggers view (object schema view) to know the status of trigger(s) in a database.
USE [myDatabaseName]
GO
SELECT * FROM sys.triggers
WHERE [is_disabled] = 1 ; -- 0:Enabled and 1:Disabled
To get the status of a particular trigger:
SELECT * FROM sys.triggers
WHERE [Name] = 'myTriggerName';
OR
SELECT * FROM sys.triggers
WHERE [Name] LIKE '%myTriggerPartName%';