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What Are Props in Vue.js

In Vue.js, props are a way to pass data from a parent component to its child components. They are custom attributes that you can define on a component, allowing you to pass data down the component tree. Props enable communication between components in a Vue.js application by allowing the parent component to share data with its children.

Here's a detailed explanation along with code examples.

<!-- ParentComponent.vue -->
<template>
  <div>
    <h1>Parent Component</h1>
    <!-- Pass data to the ChildComponent using props -->
    <ChildComponent message="Hello from parent!" :count="42" />
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import ChildComponent from './ChildComponent.vue';

export default {
  components: {
    ChildComponent
  }
}
</script>

In the parent component ParentComponent.vue, we're importing and using ChildComponent.vue. We're passing two props to ChildComponent: message and count.

<!-- ChildComponent.vue -->
<template>
  <div>
    <h2>Child Component</h2>
    <!-- Access props passed from the parent -->
    <p>{{ message }}</p>
    <p>{{ count }}</p>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  props: {
    // Declare props with their respective types
    message: String,
    count: Number
  }
}
</script>

In the child component ChildComponent.vue, we define the props that it expects to receive from its parent. In this example, message is expected to be a string, and count is expected to be a number. Inside the template, we're accessing these props using mustache syntax ({{ }}). Vue.js will automatically bind the values of these props from the parent component.

Explanation

  • Props are defined in the props option of the child component.
  • Props can be of different types such as String, Number, Boolean, Object, Array, etc.
  • Props are passed down from the parent component to the child component using custom attributes.
  • Props are one-way data flow, meaning the child component cannot directly mutate the prop value. If you need to modify the prop, you should emit an event to the parent component and let the parent handle the changes.
  • Props provide a clean interface for communication between components in a Vue.js application.

By using props, you can create reusable and modular components in your Vue.js applications, making it easier to manage and maintain your codebase.


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