Connecting Simple DC Motor In Arduino Mega 2560

Introduction

• In this article, I will explain about connecting simple DC motors in Arduino Mega 2560.
• It can work with the connection of the PN 2222 transistor.

Parts Of Lists

• Arduino Mega 2560
• DC Motor
• PN2222 Transistor
• Diode
• 270-ohm Resistor
• LED
• Bread Board.

PN2222 Transistor

Figure 1. PN 2222 Transistor

• It can be used for low-power and medium-power amplifying.
• It is frequently used as a small-signal transistor.
• It can have the following three pins.
  • First pin: Collector
  • Second pin: Base
  • Third pin: Emitter

DC motor

• DC Motor that converts the direct current electrical power to the mechanical power.
• A DC motor's speed can be controlled over a wide range, using either a variable supply voltage or by changing the strength of current in its field windings.
• Small DC motors are used in tools, toys, and appliances.
  
  Figure 2. Dc Motor

Connection

Step 1. Connection From DC motor to board.

• Connect the red color wire to the positive of the diode pin
• Connect the black color wire to the negative of the diode pin.
• Connect the negative pin to the interconnect of the transistor of the emitter.

Step 2. Connection From Transistor to Board.

• Connect the base pin to the digital pin 05 of the Arduino Mega 2560.
• Connect the collector pin to the GND of the board.

Step 3. LED Connection to Board.

• Positive pin to the 12
• Negative pin to the GND.

Programming

int motor = 5;
int led = 12;
void setup() {
  pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor, OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
  if (!Serial);
  Serial.println("Speed up to 0 to 255");
}
void loop() {
  if (Serial.available()) {
    int speed = Serial.parseInt();
    if (speed >= 0 && speed <= 255) {
      digitalWrite(led, HIGH);
    } else {
      digitalWrite(led, LOW);
    }
    analogWrite(motor, speed);
  }
}

Explanation

• In this article, I have explained the connection of a simple DC Motor using Arduino Mega 2560
• Normally the DC motor can run in the high, so it will control and give the limited speed.
• When the DC motor is at high speed, it will glow the LED.
• When the DC motor is in low speed, it cannot glow the LED.

Output

Figure 3. Output