Introduction
Figure 1: Python
Python is a high level, open-source general-purpose, object-oriented, interpreted and interactive language. Python supports multiple programming paradigms such as object-oriented, functional programming and procedural style. It is an interpreted language, so we don’t require code compilation. It also supports a large number of libraries that make it more functional and provides automatic memory management.
History of Python
Python developed by Guido van Rossum in the late eighty and early nineties. Python is developed from many other languages such as C, C++, Algol-68, SmallTalk, and Unix shell. It is copyrighted and the source code available under the GNU General Public License (GPL).
Features of Python
Python contains many advantages over other languages. Now I will tell you several features of Python and explain how Python is the best programming language.
Easy to Learn
We are all familiar with the C and C++ languages. The syntax and structure of Python are similar to the C and C++ languages. Python has few keywords, clearly defined structure and keywords. So these properties make Python easy to learn and understand. Programs written in Python are much shorter than any other programming language such as C, C++, and java.
Supports broad library
Python supports broad standard libraries. These libraries are portable and cross-platform compatible with Windows, Unix, and Macintosh.
Automatic Garbage Collector
Python contains automatic garbage collector, so programmer do not require to worry about memory wastage or memory leakage; garbage collector handles it automatically.
Portable
Python is a portable language. It can run on various hardware platforms, operation systems and provide the same interface.
Multiple Programming Paradigm
Python supports object-oriented, functional and procedural programming paradigm that makes it a more powerful language.
Reusability
In python, we can divide or split our code into several modules and can be used later in other programs.
Interpreted
Python is an interpreted language. It doesn’t use the compiler, instead of this Python uses an interpreter. Now I will explain how the interpreter differs from the compiler.
Figure 2: Compiler
The compiler first convert the source code to intermediate form or target program. If the target program is an executable machine language program, it can be called by the user to process inputs and produce outputs. The compilation process also requires assembler and linker.
Figure 3: Interpreter
The interpreter directly executes the operation specified in the source program on input supplied by the user and generates output.
Python is an interpreted language, so it saves our considerable time during program development because now we don't need any type for compilation and linking.
Open-Source
Python is open-source, so we can read it’s source code and make changes in it.
Easy integration
Python can be easily integrated with any other programming language such as C, C++, Java, and C#.
Extendable
Low-level language can easily add to Python interpreter to increase the functionality of Python code.
Dynamic Type Checking
Python provides a high-level dynamic data type and also provides dynamic type checking.
Advantage and Disadvantages of Python
No language is 100 percent perfect, each language has some cons, so now we consider some advantages and disadvantages of Python.
Advantages
-
Open Source: Python is open source and freely available.
-
Need Less Code: Python works with very little code the way most common “use cases” require, reserving lengthy explicit coding for outliers and exceptions.
-
Multiparadigm: Python supports multiple programming paradigms, modules, and reusability of code.
-
Internet of things opportunities: Raspberry Pi platform available for Python to connect with real-world (IOT’s).
-
Asynchronous Coding: Python supports asynchronous coding, so Python is easy to code without confusion about deadlock and resource contention.
Disadvantages
-
Slow Speed: Python is an interpreted language, so sometimes it becomes slower than compiled language.
- Database Access Limitation: Python’s database access layer seems a bit primitive and underdeveloped compared to other technologies such as JDBC and ODBS, you don’t need to worry it is changing.
- Design Restriction: Python is dynamically typed, it requires more testing and has errors that only show up at runtime.
- Absence of Mobile Computing: Python is mainly worked for server and desktop platform but it does not work for mobile development. There are very few mobile applications that are developed in Python.
Installation Python on Window
Now I will explain how to install Python on Windows in some simple steps.
Step 1
Firstly, go to Python’s official website and download Windows x86 MSI installer Software.
You can use the following link: Python
Figure 4: Download
Step 2
After a successful download, the software will now run .MSI file.
Figure 5: Successful download
Step 3
Specify the installation location.
Figure 6: Installation location
Step 4
Now go to the “Add python.exe to Path” option and select “Will be installed on local hard drive” option and press “Next.”
Figure 7: Add python
Step 5
Now the installation process will start. Python installS Pip management tool that allows us to install other Python packages.
Figure 8: Installation Process
After the successful completion of the installation click the finish button.
Step 6
Now we add Python to System Path Variable. If you are using a higher version of Python then you don't require to set a Path. Because path is automatically saved during the installation process. But if you are using an earlier version like 2.7 then you must set the path. But it is better to set an alternative path. For this go to “System Properties” and select the “Environment Variables” option.
Figure 9: System Properties
Step 7
Now select New option from System Variables to create a new variable. Now a window will pop up. In this window we will find two options: Firstly, one is a Variable name, to provide the name of the path you can provide any name.
The second option is the Variable value. Copy the following string and paste in Variable value option
“C:\Python34\;C:\Python34\Scripts;”. Here version of my Python software is 3.4. To replace 3.4 with your Python version. Like if your Python version is 2.7 then use following string
“C:\Python27\;C:\Python27\Scripts;”
Figure 10: Variable Value
After that press OK and complete the process. After successful completion of installation and path setting, now we are ready to run Python and start programming.
Now you can start Python either in Command line or in GUI mode.
Command Line Mode
Press “Window+R” and run “Python”.
Figure 11: Run
Now a command line mode of python will start and you can start your programming
Figure 12: Command
GUI Mode
To start the GUI mode press “Start” and type “Python” and select the “IDLE(Python 3.4 GUI)” option.
Figure 13: StartGUI
Now a GUI mode of Python will open.