Introduction
Previous articles have explained what primary data types are. So, we have a basic understanding of them. We will now move further to Arrays that are always a significant type in any language.
Since it is a modern language and we already know about the limitations of arrays, but, in this language, the people that designed JavaScript decided not to have those limitations.
Illustration
I believe you must be aware of what an array is.
Though, I try to define it in my own words:
An array is a special variable that can store multiple values under a single name (or place).
So, how can we declare an array in JavaScript? It can be done in either of two ways:
And, another is:
Here, we declared an array named "India" and it has 5 elements.
Generally, we prefer the second way to declare an array. Since the first is usually used when we already know the values.
And an array's value can be accessed by:
As we know, an array is an index-type and it always starts from 0.
As in C# and Java, we have the same concept of accessing the length of an array as in the following:
In other words a length property.
Adding Items to an Array
We have already added items to an array, but that was done during the definition of the array. What if, I want to add items after that?
Then, we have methods in JavaScript to do this.
Ironically, we have no limitation of the last value in an array. And, we can expand them as much as we want.
To do that, we use the Push() method.
It will add items to the end of the array.
Before pushing, we have something like this:
And now we have something like this
What if, I want to add an element in first. We still have a method to do such things; it is unshift().
And, we have something like this in our browser.
Delete items from an Array
Contrary, we have two methods to delete items from an array.
Pop() for end-deletion and shift() for start-deletion of items in an array.
And, we have missed our last item.
And, if we use the shift() method then we have no "Sir Jadeja".
Let's try this:
Conclusion
We can define an array in JavaScript in either of two ways.
The first is using big braces [-] and the second is using new Array().
For data insertion, we have two methods, the push() and unshift() methods. Where push() adds items to the end and unshift() adds items to the beginning.
Same with data deletion, we have the pop() and shift() methods.
For the number of items in the array, we have a length property that returns the actual number of items in an array.
As you know, it can be frequently used in loops.